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高速化所谓高速化应该包括:运算速度的高速化;与外部设备的数据交换速度高速化,如I/O刷新和网络刷新等;编程设备服务处理的高速化;外部设备的高速响应。
运算速度高速化也是PLC系统追求的一个重要目标。由于目前PLC的模块竞相采用32位RISC芯片,运算速度大为提高。一般基本指令的执行速度均达到数十个纳秒(ns),如三菱电机的Q02H其输入指令的执行时间为34ns,富士电机MICREX-SX系列SPH300达20ns,横河电机的FA-M3系列的F3SP59-7S其输入指令的执行时间为17.5ns。仅看一种指令的执行时间并不能完整地说明问题。电机工业会(电机工业的行业协会)JEMA一直倡导用PCmix值(即PLC的处理时间性能表示指标,用1微秒执行的基本指令和数据处理指令的平均次数来表示)来衡量PLC的运算速度。所谓1微秒执行的基本指令和数据处理指令的平均次数,是按PLC应用程序所使用的指令的频繁程度的统计平均值计算的。一般是基本指令占54%(其中输入指令占17%,输出指令13%,逻辑运算指令21%,定时器输出3%),数据处理指令占39%(其中传送指令占25%,四则函数运算指令,比较指令6%),其它指令7%。仍以三菱电机的小Q系列为例,其中的Q25H的PCmix值是10.3,比A2UH-S1快5倍(为2.0),比A2SH快20倍多(PCmix值为0.5)。随着PLC的功能扩展,运算指令、文字处理指令、通信指令等用的越来越多,各种指令的使用频率也会发生一定的变化,PCmix值的计算也会有所变化。这里顺便提一下,之所以要多次举三菱电机为例,是因为它的PLC的市场份额占的50%以上,为的大PLC供应厂商,因而具有相当的典型性。同时,通过软件技术提升PLC**操作系统的水平,实现了事件中断的高速响应(200微秒)功能,高速计数功能,0.5毫秒(三菱电机的小Q系列PLC)、甚至0.2毫秒(横河电机的的FA-M3系列PLC)的恒定扫描时间功能
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